Chinook Jargon Phrasebook

Verbs & Concepts

At my second revision I considered a logical way to introduce the verbs and verb compounds, but there are no exactly transitive or instransitive words in the Jargon (only words, pure and simple) and the use of compounds bridges the customary differences in other languages (language theorists are welcome to explain my mistake to me in this, if I've made one).  Even "verbs of motion", "abstract verbs" etc. don't work as categories because the same compounds can sometimes be in either category.  There also was no point to alphabetization of this page (except for the English-Chinook section)  What I've decided is to introduce the most commonly first-learned words that anyone learning a language from scratch needs to know; and as in other languages it happens that these are the most common for forming compound verbs - the way aller, etre, vouloir etc. are used in French or "to do", "to have" etc. are in English, with the difference here that compound-formation in the Jargon does not (necessarily) have anything to do with tense, but rather with the creation of whole new concepts, sometimes bizarrely different from the original meaning, yet fairly obvious in concept/construction; sometimes not so obviously, as you'll see.  Often very originally, however.  The minidex just below also provides direct links to compounds formed of the most common compound-forming verbs; the same links will also be found for the entries for each root-verb in addition to the most-needed compounds of each verb; a full list of their compounds (or possible/theoretical compounds) can be found by clicking on the relevant link in each section; some of which are necessarily cross-linked, as in the case of, for example, chako kumtux.  Not all compounds of these verbs are necessarily verbs, but they are included here as examples of the verb's uses and underlying concept.

English-Chinook Verb List
Chinook-English Verb List

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D

E

to eat - muckamuck -   Mamook muckamuck - cook food, make dinner. Muckamuck chuck - to drink.  Olo muckamuck - to be hungry. Hyas muckamuck - feast, big meal.  Hiyu muckamuck - lots of food.  High muckamuck - bigshot, one who sits at the head table, corruption of hiyu/hyas muckamuck - (somebody) with lots of food.  Giving away copious amounts of food (and lots of other stuff) at the potlatch (a big feast, lit. a big give-away) distinguished someone in local society.
to earn - tolo - Perhaps related to tola, dollah - dollar, money.  Also means to win, to gain, to control
to empty - wagh, mamook wagh -   Also means "empty" ("poured out") plus to pour, to spill, to vomit.
to end - kopet, kobit, kobet, kapet.  Kopet Compounds.
to err - tseepie - tseepie wayhut - to take the wrong road.
to exist - Mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - Sit down! Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.  NB To be alive - wind, iskum wind.
to explain - mamook kumtux.

F

to fall over - tseepie - NB also to upset, to cause something to fall over - kilapi; and NB tseepie wayhut - to take the wrong road.
to fasten - kow, mamook kow -  NB mahsh kow - untie Mahsh - to release, to let go.
to feel - Tumtum -.  Also means "heart", "mind", "will" and when used creatively has a wide variety of potential compounds. Skookum tumtum - to be brave, to be strong-hearted, to be firm Sick tumtum - to feel unwell, to be sad, to be depressed  Heehee tumtum - to be amused  Klee tumtum - to be happy Mamook tumtum - to make up one's mind.  If used to mean "to sense something", the act of sensation is as much that of feeling as of the physical senses, i.e. "know in the heart".  To feel good, to be happy - tumtum kloshe.
to fell (a tree) - whim, mamook whim - Gibbs gives this word as of Wasco origin, and says it is "of local use only", but I think its usage may have been wider.  Possibly related to wind/win, because of the role wind plays in the natural falling of trees.  Can also mean to wrestle ("to fell a man").
to find - klap -   Mamook klap - to seek ("make found"). Klap tenass - to be with child.  Klap tumtum, klap kumtux - more specifically "to remember" than simply klap.
to fix - mamook kloshe.  Also means to heal, to mend, to repair
to fly - kawak
to forget - mahlie, mahlee, malee - NB mahlie can also mean "to marry".   (Hmm.  I wonder if there's a connection - "to forget what sex is like", "to forget personal freedom". Okook cultus heehee - this is a little joke).  The difference is actually that the word meaning "to marry" has an ee-ay diphthong instead of the "ee" ending of the word meaning "to forget".

G

to gain - tolo - Perhaps related to tola, dollah - dollar, money.  Also means to earn, to win, to control
to gallop - kwalal-kwalal -  the accent is on the second syllable of each kwalal.  NB difference from kalakala - bird.  Also NB klatawa kopa kiuatan - to ride a horse, to go by horse.
to gamble - lahal, slahal, itlokum. All of these are names of native games and pasttimes. Gambling in general might have been referred to by huyhuy (trade, bargain), but I'm not sure about that; amusements in general are hee-hee, or mamook hee-hee.
to gather grain - hokumelh.  To gather together something else (other than something resembling grain, e.g. gold dust) would be a construction using iskum.
to get - Iskum - Iskum Compounds - Maika na iskum? - Did you get it? Do you have it?  Ticky Iskum - want to have/own.  In the English sense of "to get" scared, "to get" strange, "to get" cold, the verb chako was used, i.e. "to come", "to become"
to get up -  get-up -  Get-up also means sunrise, as does "sun get-up" NB here "sun" means "day".  Mamook get-up may also be used, but can mean "to wake [someone up]".  Get-up might also mean to get up from a seat or a place at the table, but I'm not sure; mamook mitwhit is more likely for that context.  Not to be confused with the non-Jargon "giddy-up!".
to give - Potlatch, Patlatch - As a noun, a gift, a giving, or a gift-feast, one of the main instruments of Northwest society/economy and a lynchpin of ceremonial and political activity between different families, bands and nations.  Mamook potlatch - to make a gift (of something) or to throw a potlatch-feast. The institution of the potlatch was a foundation of Northwest Coast society and economics, and is worthy of a whole webpage of its own.
to gladden - mamook kloshe, mamook tumtum kloshe (i.e. to make happy).
to glean - hokumelh - the meaning here is purely agricultural- the meaning here is purely agricultural, not as in gleaning information.
to go - klatawa, klatwa, kladwa -   Klatawa teawhit - to walk, to go on foot.  Klatawa kopa kiuatan or klatawa kopa cayoosh - to ride a horse.  Klatawa kiuatan would more likely mean "the horse goes", "the horse is walking". Klatawa kopa boat or klatawa kopa ship - to take a boat, or to sail. Klatawa sail - to unfurl the sails, to sail by wind.  In the historic context, I would consider klatawa kopa ship to involve a major journey, as ship referred to ocean-going sailing ships or, later on, to steamers. Klatawa kopa sail would mean "to to by sailboat" (as opposed to steam or paddle/oarcraft). Mamook klatawa - to send. See Mamook Compounds.
to go back -  kalapi, kilapi, kilapie - See Kilapi Compounds.

to go on foot - klatawa teawhit  See Mamook Compounds.
to gore (as an ox) - klemahun - Naika klemahun samman - I spear salmon.  Klemahun opoots - bee.

H

to haul - haul, mamook haul
to haul tight - hyas mamook kwutl - to haul tight, also means to tighten (a rope).  NB kwetlh - proud; perhaps a variation of youtl, which has the same meaning.  Note also the difference to kwulh or kwult - to strike or hit.
to have - Iskum - Iskum Compounds - Maika na iskum? - Did you get it? Do you have it?  Ticky Iskum - want to have/own.  Iskum was NOT used to form the past tense, as is common in Indo-European languages with verbs meaning "to have".
to have a mind to do something - Tumtum -.  Also means "heart", "mind", "will" and when used creatively has a wide variety of potential compounds. Skookum tumtum - to be brave, to be strong-hearted, to be firm Sick tumtum - to feel unwell, to be sad, to be depressed Heehee tumtum - to be amused  Klee tumtum - to be happy Mamook tumtum - to make up one's mind.  If used to mean "to sense something", the act of sensation is as much that of feeling as of the physical senses, i.e. "know in the heart".
to help - mamook elann, mamook help.
to hide - ipsoot - mamook ipsoot - to hide, to be hidden, lit. to make hidden.
to hit - kwulh, kwult - NB kwetlh means proud, unwavering; kwutl means to push or squeeze (as in packing) or to haul tight or make fast. Kwutl also means to to wound with an arrow or gun, or to strike with a stick or stone or in any matter without cutting (i.e. with a blunt object).  Cutting is tl'kope, spearing is klemahun.
to hold - Iskum - Iskum Compounds - Maika na iskum? - Did you get it? Do you have it?  Ticky Iskum - want to have/own
to hook - klemahun - Naika klemahun samman - I spear salmon.  Klemahun opoots - bee.

I

to ingest - muckamuck -   Mamook muckamuck - cook food, make dinner. Muckamuck chuck - to drink.  Olo muckamuck - to be hungry. Hyas muckamuck - feast, big meal.  Hiyu muckamuck - lots of food.  High muckamuck - bigshot, one who sits at the head table, corruption of hiyu/hyas muckamuck - (somebody) with lots of food.  Giving away copious amounts of food (and lots of other stuff) at the potlatch (a big feast, lit. a big give-away) distinguished someone in local society.
to instruct - Mahah, mahish, mahsh -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh.  To instruct in the sense of education would be mahsh kumtux or potlatch kumtux.  Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to intend - Tumtum -.  Also means "heart", "mind", "will" and when used creatively has a wide variety of potential compounds. Skookum tumtum - to be brave, to be strong-hearted, to be firm Sick tumtum - to feel unwell, to be sad, to be depressed  Heehee tumtum - to be amused  Klee tumtum - to be happy Mamook tumtum - to make up one's mind.
 

J

to jump - sopena

K

to kick - Chuk-kin - Gibbs says this word was of local use in the Chehalis language region only.  A more truly jargon version might be mamook lepee - "make with the foot" or kwulh lepee - "strike with the foot".  However, since chuk-kin is from a Salishan language group, there is a probability that a similar word would be found among the Chinook-speakers of other Salishan districts of the Coast and Interior - in other words, throughout the majority of the Chinook-speaking region.
to kill - mamook memaloose, mamook mimloost - also means "to play dead", i.e. "to make (like) dead", which could also be expressed by kahkwa memaloose
to knock - ko-ko - perhaps originally a compound of ko - i.e. "someone's come" (as well as onomatopaeoia),  Koko stick - woodpecker Kloshe koko stick - (better) knock on wood
to know - Tumtum -.  Also means "heart", "mind", "will" and when used creatively has a wide variety of potential compounds. Skookum tumtum - to be brave, to be strong-hearted, to be firm Sick tumtum - to feel unwell, to be sad, to be depressed  Heehee tumtum - to be amused  Klee tumtum - to be happy Mamook tumtum - to make up one's mind.
to know - Kumtux, kumptus, kommatux - Note that tumtum as to think refers more to feeling, kumtux more to understanding in the abstract sense, as in the way of knowledge or concrete things known. Kumtux Compounds.
to know how to do something - Kumtux, kumptus, kommatux - Note that tumtum as to think refers more to feeling, kumtux more to understanding in the abstract sense, as in the way of knowledge or concrete things known. Kumtux Compounds.  Kiuatan yaka kumtux cooley - fast horse, race horse

L

to laugh - heehee
to leave - Mahah, mahish, mahsh -  Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat.  Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes.  Mahsh kow - to untie. Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to let go - Mahah, mahish, mahsh -  Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat.  Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes.  Mahsh kow - to untie. Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds.  NB stoh, mahsh kow - to untie, to loosen.
to lean - lagh, lah.
to leave off - kopet, kobit, kobet, kapet.  Kopet Compounds.
to lick - klakwun - Apparently from klak - to take off.  Klakwun lassiet - to lick a plate.  Klakwun latab - to wipe a table.
to lift - haul, mamook haul
to like - Tikegh, tikke, ticky - Hyas ticky - to long for, to pine, to greatly want/desire.  Ikta maika ticky?  - What do you want?  Wake ticky kahkwa wawa naika - "do not speak like that to me"., i.e. "do not want (presume) that of me".  Ticky muckamuck - want food, need food, more meaning "get some" rather than "hungry"; olo muckamuck more means "hungry" per se.  Tikegh Compounds.
to live - Mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - Sit down! Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.
to live at/in - Mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - "Sit down!" Also NB"to be alive" - wind, iskum wind.  Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.
to look - Nanitch -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to look for - Nanitch -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to loose(n) - stoh, mahsh
to love - Tikegh, tikke, ticky - Hyas ticky - to long for, to pine, to greatly want/desire.  Ikta maika ticky?  - What do you want?  Wake ticky kahkwa wawa naika - "do not speak like that to me"., i.e. "do not want (presume) that of me".  Ticky muckamuck - want food, need food, more meaning "get some" rather than "hungry"; olo muckamuck more means "hungry" per se.  Tikegh Compounds.

M

to make - mamook - Similar to the French "faire". Extensively used for compounds - Mamook Compounds.  BUT NB Mamooks - deeds; and mamook also means "an action" and always implies one in any compound, and can be used with nearly any other word, including words that are themselves already verbs.  Mamook kloshe - to fix, to heal, to get better (chako kloshe also). Mamook huy-huy - to strike a deal, to do business.  Mamook ikpooie - to hide, to make hidden.  Mamook klatawa - to go, to make go.  Mamook mahkook - to go shopping, to do business.  NB in Grande Ronde OR Chinuk-wawa mamook (mamuk as they spell it down there) is an obscenity for copulation; for regular use as to do, to use, etc. the word munk is used there.
to make fast - kwutl - also means to squeeze (as in packing), to make tight, to push. NB kwetlh - proud; perhaps a variation of youtl, which has the same meaning.  Note also the difference to kwulh or kwult - to strike or hit.  Hyas mamook kwutl - to haul tight, to tighten (a rope).
to make tight - kwutl - also means to squeeze (as in packing), to make fast, to push.  NB kwetlh - proud; perhaps a variation of youtl, which has the same meaning.  Note also the difference to kwulh or kwult - to strike or hit.  Hyas mamook kwutl - to haul tight, to tighten (a rope).
to make good - mamook kloshe - also means to fix, to repair, to mend, to heal.  If in reference to a business dealing, then mamook kloshe mahkook or mamook kloshe huy-huy would work, but these could also mean "good business" in general.-
to marry -  mahlie, mahlies, mahliay - NB Mahlie also means to forget.   (Hmm.  I wonder if there's a connection - "to forget what sex is like", "to forget personal freedom".  Okook cultus heehee - this is a little joke).  The difference is actually that the word meaning "to marry" has an ee-ay diphthong instead of the "ee" ending of the word meaning "to forget".
to mistake  - tseepie - tseepie wayhut - to take the wrong road.
 

N

to need - tikegh, tikke, ticky - Hyas ticky - to long for, to pine, to greatly want/desire.  Ikta maika ticky?  - What do you want?  Wake ticky kahkwa wawa naika - "do not speak like that to me"., i.e. "do not want (presume) that of me".  Ticky muckamuck - want food, need food, more meaning "get some" rather than "hungry"; olo muckamuck more means "hungry" per se.  Tikegh Compounds.

O

to order -Mahah, mahish, mahsh; also mahsh wawa, mahish wawa, mahah wawa  -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?).  Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds

P

to part with - Mahah, mahish, mahsh -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh.  Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to petrify - mamook stone.  NB stone also means testicle(s).
to play dead - mamook memaloose, mamook mimloost - also to kill, i.e. "to make (like) dead", which could also be expressed by kahkwa memaloose
to pour, to pour out - wagh, mamook wagh -   Also means "empty" ("poured out"), also to spill to vomit, to empty..
to push (and/or as in packing) - kwutl - also means to squeeze (as in packing), to make fast, to make tight NB kwetlh - proud; perhaps a variation of youtl, which has the same meaning.  Note also the difference to kwulh or kwult - to strike or hit.  Hyas mamook kwutl - to haul tight, to tighten (a rope).

R

to reach (somewhere), to arrive at -  ko -
to receive - Iskum - Iskum Compounds - Maika na iskum? - Did you get it? Do you have it?  Ticky Iskum - want to have/own
to receive - Potlatch, Patlatch - As a noun, a gift, a giving, or a gift-feast, one of the main instruments of Northwest society/economy and a lynchpin of ceremonial and political activity between different families, bands and nations.  Iskum, which also means "to have", was also used to mean "to receive" as well as "to take", "to hold" etc. Cultus potlatch - a gift, or a worthless gift.
to relate - yiem; also "a story" when used as a noun.  The Chinook loan-word ekahnam was also used on the Lower Columbia, the Salishan loan-word siyem in the Fraser-Thompson.
to release -Mahah, mahish, mahsh -  Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat.  Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes.  Mahsh kow - to untie. Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to remain - Mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - Sit down! Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.
to remember - klap -  Mamook klap - to seek ("make found"). Klap tenass - to be with child. Klap tumtum, klap kumtux - more specifically "to remember" than simply klap.
to remember - Kumtux, kumptus, kommatux - Note that tumtum as to think refers more to feeling, kumtux more to understanding in the abstract sense, as in the way of knowledge or concrete things known. Kumtux Compounds.
to remove - Mahah, mahish, mahsh -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh.  Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to return -  kalapi, kilapi, kilapie - See Kilapi Compounds.
to reverse -  kalapi, kilapi, kilapie - See Kilapi Compounds.
to ride - klatawa, klatawa kopa kiuatan (alt klatwa, kladwa)-   Klatawa teawhit - to walk, to go on foot.  Klatawa kopa kiuatan or klatawa kopa cayoosh - to ride a horse.  Klatawa kiuatan would more likely mean "the horse goes", "the horse is walking".  Klatawa kopa boat or klatawa kopa ship - to take a boat, or to sail. Klatawa sail - to unfurl the sails, to sail by wind.  In the historic context, I would consider klatawa kopa ship to involve a major journey, as ship referred to ocean-going sailing ships or, later on, to steamers. Klatawa kopa sail would mean "to to by sailboat" (as opposed to steam or paddle/oarcraft). Mamook klatawa - to send. See Mamook Compounds.
to rise [from sleep, from bed] - get-up -  Get-up also means sunrise, as does sun get-up NB here sun means "day". Mamook get-up may also be used, but can mean "to wake [someone up]". Get-up might also mean to get up from a seat or a place at the table, but I'm not sure; mamook mitwhit is more likely for that context.  Not to be confused with the non-Jargon "giddy-up!".  The other English sense of "to rise" (upwards) is klatawa saghalie (or another verb of motion than saghalie)
to run - cooley, coolie  NB also mamook cooley, but this also means "to make to run"

S

to say - wawa or mamook wawa. 
to search for - nanitch, nanich -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to see - nanitch, nanich -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to seek - mamook klap -   Mamook klap - to seek ("make found").  Klap tenass - to be with child -> mamook klap tenas - to make with child (i.e. through sex or midwifery).
to sell - mahkook.  Also means "things bought" when used as a noun, and also means "to buy".  Mamook mahkook, to do the shopping, to buy/sell things.  The general sense of doing business is given by huy-huy or mamook huy-huy, which is not as specific to buying certain things.
to sell -Mahah, mahish, mahsh -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh.  Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to send -Mahah, mahish, mahsh -  Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat.  Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes.  Mahsh kow - to untie. Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to send - mamook klatawa - See Mamook Compounds, Klatawa Compounds
to shake (gently) - to-to - other meanings for to-to are to winnow, to sift
to shake (violently) - hullel - also means "shaken" when used as an adjective.  The sense here is of violent shaking, or trembling, as in a fever or in nervousness
to shudder - hullel - also means "shaken" when used as an adjective.  The sense here is of violent shaking, or trembling, as in a fever or in nervousness
to shut - ikpooie, mamook ikpooie -  Mamook ikpooie could also mean "to surround".  Ikpooie is also just an adective for "shut".  NB ipsoot - to hide, hidden.
to sift - to-to - differennt from hullel or mamook hullel, which is to shake more violently than the gentle motion of sifting.

to sign (as in a signature) - Mamook tzum, Mamook tzumtzum. Mamook tzum is also "to sign" (as in a document - "to make a mark").  To sign a contract is mamook pehpah, "to make a paper"
to sing - shantie, shauntie - also means "a song".  Older prononciations would likely resemble the French "chanter", i.e. shauntie, later on pronounced as the English "shanty", i.e. shantie.
to sit - Mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - Sit down! Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.
to sit down - Mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - Sit down! Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.
to sit (i.e. when already sat) - mitwhit - . Mitwhit youtl- to stand proud, to stand tall. Mitwhit skookum- to resist, to stand up (bravely).  NB Mitwhit stick - a ship's mast.
to sleep - moosum - as a noun simply means "sleep".  Mamook moosum - "is sleeping" or "make to sleep", "put someone to sleep".
to sneak away - kapswalla klatawa - NB difference from kapswalla mamook - to use stealth, to do secretly.
to sneak out - kapswalla klatawa - NB difference from kapswalla mamook - to use stealth, to do secretly.
to speak to - Mahah, mahish, mahsh; also mahsh wawa, mahish wawa, mahah wawa  -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?).  Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to speak - wawa or mamook wawa.   See "to talk"
to spear - klemahun - Naika klemahun samman - I spear salmon.  NB Klemahun opoots - bee.
to spill - wagh, mamook wagh -   Also means "empty" ("poured out") plus to empty, to vomit, to pour
to squeeze (as in packing) - kwutl - also means to push, to make fast, to make tight.  NB kwetlh - proud; perhaps a variation of youtl, which has the same meaning.  Note also the difference to kwulh or kwult - to strike or hit. Hyas mamook kwutl - to haul tight, to tighten (a rope).
to stab - klemahun - Naika klemahun samman - I spear salmon.  Klemahun opoots - bee.
to steal away - kapswalla klatawa - NB difference from kapswalla mamook - to use stealth, to do secretly.
to stoop - lagh, lah.  Also means to lean, to bend over.
to stop - kopet, kobit, kobet, kapet.  Kopet Compounds.  To make something or someone stop - mamook kopet.
to stand - mitwhit - .  Mitwhit youtl- to stand proud, to stand tall.  Mitwhit skookum- to resist, to stand up (bravely).  NB Mitwhit stick - a ship's mast.
to stand guard - nanitch -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to stand up - mitwhit - .  Mitwhit youtl- to stand proud, to stand tall.  Mitwhit skookum- to resist, to stand up (bravely).  NB Mitwhit stick - a ship's mast.
to stay still - mitwhit - .  Mitwhit youtl- to stand proud, to stand tall.  Mitwhit skookum- to resist, to stand up (bravely).  NB Mitwhit stick - a ship's mast.
to stay - mitlite, mitlait - NB As an imperative - Sit down! Also used idiomaticlaly where English might use "to have", i.e. "there is"; and as a question by intonation "is there?".  Mitlite kopa house - he/she/it is in the house.  Mitlite hiyu samman kopa maika? - "Have you plenty of salmon", i.e. "Are there many salmon with you?". or lit. "do you have lots of salmon?"  Kah naika mitlite? - Where do you live?  In modern usage, this is in a telephone or internet conversation could mean "where are you?"  Mitlite keekwullie - to sit down, to put under. also perhaps "to be abased" although this would better be said as "mahsh keekwulee"  Kunsih tillikum mitlite? - How many people are/were there?  Mitlite tenas - to be with child, idiomatically, although this could also mean "to be small". Cultus mitlite - to loiter, to stop anywhere without particular reason; and can also mean "it/he/she is useless/evil/commonplace.
to steal - kapswalla NB klatawa kapswalla - to go stealthily, "to steal" in the older English sense of "stealing about the garden"
to strike with a stick or stone, or in any matter without cutting - kwulh, kwult - NB kwetlh means proud, unwavering; kwutl means to push or squeeze (as in packing) or to haul tight or make fast.  Kwulh also means to wound with an arrow or gun, or to hit.  Cutting is tl'kope, spearing is klemahun.
to surround - mamook ikpooie -  Mamook ikpooie could also mean "to surround".  Ikpooie can also be used as an adjective or adverb e.g. ikpooie lakaset - a closed box; although literally means "the box is shut".
to swim - sitshum

T

to talk - wawa or mamook wawa. Mamook [x]  lalang is the same as mamook [x] wawa - to speak [x] language, except in the case of the jargon itself, for which only mamook Chinook wawa would be more specific, though unnecessary by context, perhaps; the preposition kopa might be used in these phrases following mamook.  Also mamook yiem - "to tell a story" may be the same as mamook wawa, to relate, to tell, although the latter instance more refers to making a speech, or having a conversation.
to take - iskum - Iskum Compounds - Maika na iskum? - Did you get it? Do you have it?  Ticky Iskum - want to have/own
to take a boat - klatawa kopa boat   Klatawa sail - to unfurl the sails, to sail by wind.  In the historic context, I would consider klatawa kopa ship to involve a major journey, as ship referred to ocean-going sailing ships or, later on, to steamers. Klatawa kopa sail could also mean "to to by sailboat" (as opposed to steam or paddle/oarcraft). Mamook klatawa - to send. See Mamook Compounds.
to take charge - tolo - Perhaps related to tola, dollah - dollar, money
to take care - nanitch -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to teach - mamook kumtux.
to tell - mahah, mahish, mahsh; also mahsh wawa, mahish wawa, mahah wawa  -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?).  Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to tell a story - yiem, mamook yiem - yiem is also "a story" if used as a noun. The Chinook loan-word ekahnam was also used on the Lower Columbia, the Salishan loan-word siyem in the Fraser-Thompson.
to think - kumtux, kumptus, kommatux - Note that tumtum as to think refers more to feeling, kumtux more to understanding in the abstract sense, as in the way of knowledge or concrete things known. Kumtux Compounds.
to think - tumtum   Also means "heart", "mind", "will" and when used creatively has a wide variety of potential compounds. Skookum tumtum - to be brave, to be strong-hearted, to be firm Sick tumtum - to feel unwell, to be sad, to be depressed  Heehee tumtum - to be amused  Klee tumtum - to be happy Mamook tumtum - to make up one's mind.  If used to mean "to sense something", the act of sensation is as much that of feeling as of the physical senses, i.e. "know in the heart".
to throw away - mahah, mahish, mahsh -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh.  Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon.  Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat. Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes. Mahsh kow - to untie.  Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to tie - kow, mamook kow -  NB mahsh kow - untie   Mahsh - to release, to let go.
to tie up - kow, mamook kow -  NB mahsh kow - untie   Mahsh - to release, to let go.
to tighten a rope - mamook kwutl, hyas mamook kwutl - also means to haul tight.  NB kwetlh - proud; perhaps a variation of youtl, which has the same meaning.  Note also the difference to kwulh or kwult - to strike or hit.
to tip (a boat) - lagh, lah.
to trade - huyhuy, hui-hui - This is thought to originate from French oui-oui/ouai-ouai (yes, yes), referring to the conclusion of a deal, or spoken in encouragement of one.  Mamook huyhuy - to strike a deal.
to trade - mahkook.
to tremble - hullel - also means "shaken" when used as an adjective.  The sense here is of violent shaking, or trembling, as in a fever or in nervousness.  For gentle trembling, to-to (to sift) is used.
to travel - klatawa, klatwa, kladwa - Klatawa teawhit - to walk, to go on foot.  Klatawa kopa kiuatan or klatawa kopa cayoosh - to ride a horse. Klatawa kiuatan would more likely mean "the horse goes", "the horse is walking". Klatawa kopa boat or klatawa kopa ship - to take a boat, or to sail. Klatawa sail - to unfurl the sails, to sail by wind.  In the historic context, I would consider klatawa kopa ship to involve a major journey, as ship referred to ocean-going sailing ships or, later on, to steamers. Klatawa kopa sail would mean "to to by sailboat" (as opposed to steam or paddle/oarcraft). Mamook klatawa - to send. See Mamook Compounds.
to turn -  kalapi, kilapi, kilapie - See Kilapi Compounds.
to turn out - Mahah, mahish, mahsh -   Most common form seen for this word is mahsh. Mahsh chuck kopa boat - bail out the boat.  Mahsh okook samman - throw away that salmon. Mahsh maika capo - take off your coat.  Mahsh tenas - to have a child, to give birth. Yaka mahsh tumtum kopa naika - he has given me his orders, he has told me his wishes.  Mahsh kow - to untie. Mahsh stone - to castrate ("to lose one's self-respect?). Mahsh Keekwulee - to humiliate, to demote, to make low.  Mahsh Compounds
to turn over -  kalapi, kilapi, kilapie - See Kilapi Compounds.
to turn to stone - mamook stone.  NB stone also means testicle(s).
to turn upside down - kalapi, kilapi, kilapie - - See Kilapi Compounds.

U

to understand - Kumtux, kumptus, kommatux - Note that tumtum as to think refers more to feeling, kumtux more to understanding in the abstract sense, as in the way of knowledge or concrete things known. Kumtux Compounds.  Kumtux Dutchman wawa - to understand German, or to be able to speak German. (Dutchman could also mean Dutch, Norwegian, or any other northen or eastern European language/people other than English and French)   to make understood, or to forge an understanding - mamook kumtux.
to untie - stoh, mahsh kow
to upset [something] - kalapi, kilapi, kilapie ( i.e to turn over).  See Kilapi Compounds.
to upset [someone] - mamook tumtum cultus, mamook tumtum mesachie (to make feel bad).
to use - mamook - Similar to the French "faire". Extensively used for compounds - Mamook Compounds.  BUT NB Mamooks - deeds; and mamook also means "an action" and always implies one in any compound.  Mamook kloshe - to fix, to heal, to get better (chako kloshe also).  Mamook huy-huy - to strike a deal, to do business.  Mamook ikpooie - to hide, to make hidden.  Mamook klatawa - to go, to make go. Mamook mahkook - to go shopping, to do business.  NB in Grande Ronde OR Chinuk-wawa mamook is an obscenity for copulation; for regular use as to do, to use, etc. the word munk is used there.
to use [something] - mamook [substitute word for object].  e.g. mamook lamahto, use the hammer or "to hammer".

V

to vomit - wagh, mamook wagh -   Also means "empty" ("poured out")  plus to spill, to pour, to empty.

W

to wait - mitwhit - .  Mitwhit youtl- to stand proud, to stand tall.  Mitwhit skookum- to resist, to stand up (bravely).  NB Mitwhit stick - a ship's mast.
to wake up -  get-up -  Get-up also means sunrise, as does "sun get-up" NB here "sun" means "day".  Mamook get-up may also be used, but can mean "to wake [someone up]".  Get-up might also mean to get up from a seat or a place at the table, but I'm not sure; mamook mitwhit is more likely for that context.  Not to be confused with the non-Jargon "giddy-up!".
to walk - klatawa, klatwa, kladwa -   Klatawa teawhit - to walk, to go on foot.  Mamook klatawa - to send. See Mamook Compounds.
to want - Tikegh, tikke, ticky - Hyas ticky - to long for, to pine, to greatly want/desire.  Ikta maika ticky?  - What do you want?  Wake ticky kahkwa wawa naika - "do not speak like that to me"., i.e. "do not want (presume) that of me".  Ticky muckamuck - want food, need food, more meaning "get some" rather than "hungry"; olo muckamuck more means "hungry" per se.  Tikegh Compounds.
to wash - wash.  Also mamook wash.
to watch - Nanitch -   Kloshe nanitch - to stand guard, to take care, "watch out!".  Kloshe nanitch is the password/watchword of the Rocky Mountain Rangers of the British Columbia Militia (for you "Boston" types, that's something like a volunteer National Guard.
to win - tolo - Perhaps related to tola, dollah - dollar, money
to winnow - to-to - Also means to shake gently.
to wipe - klakwun - Apparently from klak - to take off.  Klakwun lassiet - to lick a plate.  Klakwun latab - to wipe a table.
to wish- Tikegh, tikke, ticky - Hyas ticky - to long for, to pine, to greatly want/desire.  Ikta maika ticky?  - What do you want?  Wake ticky kahkwa wawa naika - "do not speak like that to me"., i.e. "do not want (presume) that of me".  Ticky muckamuck - want food, need food, more meaning "get some" rather than "hungry"; olo muckamuck more means "hungry" per se.  Tikegh Compounds.
to work stone (as in masonry) - mamook stone.  Also means to turn to stone, or to petrify.  NB stone also means testicle(s).
to wound - klemahun - Naika klemahun samman - I spear salmon.  Klemahun opoots - bee.
to wound with an arrow or gun -kwulh, kwult - NB kwetlh means proud, unwavering; kwutl means to push or squeeze (as in packing) or to haul tight or make fast. Kwulh also means to hit, or to strike with a stick or stone or in any matter without cutting (i.e. with a blunt object).  Cutting is tl'kope, spearing is klemahun.
to wrestle ("to fell a man") - whim, mamook whim - Gibbs gives this word as of Wasco origin, and says it is "of local use only", but I think its usage may have been wider.  Whim usually means to fall (a tree).  Possibly related to wind/win, because of the role wind plays in the natural falling of trees.
to write - Mamook tzum, Mamook tzumtzum, mamook pehpah - to write.  Mamook pehpah is also "to make a contract".  Mamook tzum is also "to sign" (as in a document - "to make a mark")

Misc (unalphabetizable)

to use stealth, to be stealthy - kapswalla mamook - ("to steal" in its alternate/archaic sense in English)  NB difference from Kapswalla klatawa - to steal away, to sneak out, to sneak away, to move about steathily.
to do secretly- kapswalla mamook - ("to steal" in its alternate/archaic sense in English)  NB difference from Kapswalla klatawa - to steal away, to sneak out, to sneak away, to move about steathily.  
to keep knowledge - iskum kumtux - e.g. Yaka iskum kumtux - he knows about things, i.e "he has knowledge".
to move about steathily -kapswalla klatawa - NB difference from kapswalla mamook - to use stealth, to do secretly.

to have knowledge - iskum kumtux - e.g. Yaka iskum kumtux - he knows about things, i.e. "he has knowledge".

to be knowledgeable - iskum kumtux - e.g. Yaka iskum kumtux - he knows about things, i.e. "he has knowledge".

to know how to lie - kumtux kliminawhit - e.g. - kumtux kliminawhit - to know how to lie, to know how to deceive, to understand lying, to recognize a lie/liar e.g. - (yaka) kumtux kliminawhit - he is a liar ("he knows how to lie", "he knows how to be a liar") and hyas kumtux kliminawhit - he is a great liar ("he knows well how to lie").  Conceivably kumtux kliminawhit could also mean "knows a lie/liar", where the speaker and/or subject isn't a liar.

to know how to deceive - kumtux kliminawhit - e.g. - kumtux kliminawhit - to know how to lie, to know how to deceive, to understand lying, to recognize a lie/liar e.g. - (yaka) kumtux kliminawhit - he is a liar ("he knows how to lie", "he knows how to be a liar") and hyas kumtux kliminawhit - he is a great liar ("he knows well how to lie").  Conceivably kumtux kliminawhit could also mean "knows a lie/liar", where the speaker and/or subject isn't a liar.

to understand lying - kumtux kliminawhit - e.g. - kumtux kliminawhit - to know how to lie, to know how to deceive, to understand lying, to recognize a lie/liar e.g. - (yaka) kumtux kliminawhit - he is a liar ("he knows how to lie", "he knows how to be a liar") and hyas kumtux kliminawhit - he is a great liar ("he knows well how to lie").  Conceivably kumtux kliminawhit could also mean "knows a lie/liar", where the speaker and/or subject isn't a liar.

to recognize a lie/liar - kumtux kliminawhit - e.g. - kumtux kliminawhit - to know how to lie, to know how to deceive, to understand lying, to recognize a lie/liar e.g. - (yaka) kumtux kliminawhit - he is a liar ("he knows how to lie", "he knows how to be a liar") and hyas kumtux kliminawhit - he is a great liar ("he knows well how to lie").  Conceivably kumtux kliminawhit could also mean "knows a lie/liar", where the speaker and/or subject isn't a liar.

to share an idea - mamook kumtux.

Tl'kope - to cut, to slice, to chop NB difference from t'kope - white. The "tl" sound is common in Northwest languages, and more resembles a "kl" or hard "lh"; "tl" commonly represents the same sound as "kl" in English-derived spellings of the Jargon; in reality they are the same sound - but as far as I know kl'kope was never used for this word.  All words that have "kl" in them could just as easily be spelled "tl", the sounds being indistinguishable and the spellings representative only of a choice made by the transcriber.  The same is true of words spelled with "lh", "lt" and "tlh" and the like.  See Prononciation.